Beijing, April 25 (reporter Liu Shiyao) April 25 afternoon，The Central Propaganda Department, the Working Committee of the organs directly under the Central Committee, the Working Committee of the Central State Organs, the Ministry of Education, the Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission, and the Beijing Municipal Party Committee held the tenth report of the "13th Five-Year Outlook" series in Beijing，We invite Vice Chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and Minister of Science and Technology Wan Gang to deliver a report on implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development and strengthening the leading role of science and technology innovation。

Wan Gang said in the report，The 13th Five-Year Plan period is a crucial period for further implementing the innovation-driven development strategy and comprehensively deepening the reform of the science and technology system，It is also the decisive stage for China to enter the ranks of innovative countries，We must earnestly implement the strategic decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee，Accurately grasp the development trend of science and technology at home and abroad，A deep understanding of the new requirements for guiding the new normal of economic development，We will leverage the fundamental, key and leading role of scientific and technological innovation in supply-side structural reform，We will foster more innovation-driven, first-mover development。We should focus on building national first-mover advantages, strengthen the layout of major tasks, accelerate the implementation of major national science and technology projects, implement the "Science and Technology Innovation 2030 - major projects", take the lead in making breakthroughs in important strategic directions, build an internationally competitive industrial technology system, and accelerate industrial reform。It is necessary to focus on enhancing original innovation capabilities, continue to strengthen basic research, take the lead in initiating and organizing international big science programs and big science projects, set up a number of national laboratories in major innovation fields, and accelerate the gathering of high-level innovative talents。We need to expand the space for innovation and development，We will support Beijing and Shanghai in building scientific and technological innovation centers with global influence，We will accelerate the development and distribution of national innovation demonstration zones and national high-tech zones，We will build a number of innovative provincial, urban and regional innovation centers with strong driving force，We will build a Belt and Road collaborative innovation community，Comprehensively integrate and layout the global innovation network。We should focus on promoting mass entrepreneurship and innovation, vigorously develop science and technology services, develop public service platforms such as mass maker Spaces, support mass makers, crowdsource, crowdfunding and crowdsupport, and serve the transformation and upgrading of the real economy。We should focus on improving the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system，We will deepen reform of the science and technology management system，Promote the transformation of government functions from research and development management to innovative services，We will strengthen the dominant position and leading role of enterprises in innovation，We will enhance the innovation capacity of institutions of higher learning and research institutes，We will implement actions to transfer and transform results，We will accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces。

The report was presided over by Zhang Jianping, executive Deputy Secretary of the Working Committee of the Central Government organs。About 800 cadres of Party, government and military organs in Beijing, people from all walks of life in the capital and teachers and students of universities attended the report。

(See page 10 for the story.)
 

Implement the innovation-driven Development Strategy and Strengthen the leading Role of scientific and technological innovation (Looking forward to the 13th Five-Year Plan)

The tenth report of the "13th Five-Year Plan" series was held in Beijing on April 25. Wan Gang, Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Minister of Science and Technology, made a report entitled "Implementing the Innovation-driven Development Strategy and Strengthening the Leading role of scientific and technological innovation"。Our reporter interviewed Wan Gang。

Q: What is the situation of scientific and technological innovation in China during the 13th Five-Year Plan period？

A: The 13th Five-Year Plan period is the decisive stage for China to build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and it is also the final sprint stage for China to enter the ranks of innovative countries。The economic and technological situation at home and abroad is undergoing major changes, and scientific and technological innovation is facing new opportunities and challenges。

Internationally, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is accelerating。The trend of multi-point breakthroughs and cross-integration of disciplines is becoming increasingly obvious. Major breakthroughs are being made or are expected to be made in scientific fields such as the structure of matter, the evolution of the universe, the origin of life, and the nature of consciousness. The fields of information networks, artificial intelligence, biology, new materials, and new energy are making great strides。The emergence of major disruptive technologies, the deep integration of business models and technological innovation, and accelerating changes in industrial forms and organizational patterns are reshaping the global economic structure and competitive landscape。Innovation has become the new arena for great power competition, and whoever leads innovation will be able to dominate the rules and process of the arena。China is not only facing a rare historical opportunity to catch up and leapfrog, but also facing the risk of further widening the gap. Only by making new arrangements and achieving new breakthroughs in innovative development can we keep up with the general trend of world development and seize the initiative of development。

From the domestic perspective, China is still in the stage of deep-seated contradictions and "three phases of superposition", economic development has entered a new normal, relying on factor costs and investment driven development mode is unsustainable。To advance supply-side structural reform, foster new growth drivers, and promote economic quality and efficiency improvement, transformation and upgrading, there is a more urgent need for scientific and technological innovation。To meet the challenges of an aging population, promote a new type of urbanization, build an ecological civilization, and achieve high-quality employment, scientific and technological innovation is urgently needed to provide strong support。Whether we can successfully overcome the middle-income trap and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the next five years depends on whether we can rely on innovation to create a new engine of development and create a new and longer growth cycle。

From the perspective of scientific and technological development, after years of continuous accumulation, China's scientific and technological strength has achieved an overall jump, and the development of science and technology has entered a new historical stage of transformation from quantitative growth to qualitative jump。The research and development investment of the whole society has exceeded 1.4 trillion yuan, the total number of scientific and technological human resources and R & D personnel ranked first in the world, the number of domestic invention patents ranked second in the world;The gap between the overall level of science and technology and developed countries has narrowed significantly, showing a pattern of "three runs" co-existing and "following", and a few areas have changed to "leading"。At the same time, we need to strengthen our scientific and technological reserves, there is still an urgent shortage of high-end talents, the situation of being subject to others in key core technologies has not been fundamentally resolved, many industries are still in the middle and low end of the global value chain, and there is an urgent need to remove the ideological concepts and deep-seated institutional barriers that restrict innovation and development。We must speed up reform and innovation, greatly enhance our capacity for independent innovation, and accelerate the pace of catching up with and leading the way。

Q: What are the important arrangements of China's scientific and technological innovation in supporting national major strategies and leading economic and social development during the 13th Five-Year Plan period？

A: The next five years，China's scientific and technological innovation work will closely focus on the in-depth implementation of the national "13th Five-Year Plan" and the outline of the innovation-driven development strategy，It will give strong support to the implementation of national strategies such as Made in China 2025, Internet Plus, maritime power, cyber power, the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and integrated military-civilian development，We will give full play to the core leading role of scientific and technological innovation in moving industries to the medium-high end, enhancing new growth drivers, expanding new space for development, and improving the quality and efficiency of development。

First, we will implement major science and technology projects that have an overall and long-term bearing。On the basis of implementing the existing major national science and technology projects，A number of major science and technology projects reflecting the national strategic intent will be deployed by 2030，We will explore a new nationwide system for scientific and technological innovation under the socialist market economy，We will improve the organizational model for major projects，Strive to break through major key core technologies in strategic areas，Open up new industrial development directions，Foster new economic growth areas，To climb the strategic commanding heights, leading industrial change，It provides strong support for improving China's overall competitiveness and ensuring national security。

The second is to build an internationally competitive industrial technology system。Around the urgent needs of China's industrial international competitiveness promotion，We will strengthen the development of major technologies in key links in key areas，Break through the technical bottlenecks in industrial transformation and upgrading and the cultivation of emerging industries，We will strengthen integrated deployment in modern agriculture, next-generation information technology, smart manufacturing, and energy，Promoting disruptive technological innovation，We will build a reasonably structured, advanced, open, compatible, autonomous and controllable technology system，To provide strong support for China's industry to move towards the middle and high end of the global value chain。

Third, we will improve the technological system that supports the improvement of people's livelihood and sustainable development。Around the urgent need to improve people's livelihood and promote sustainable development，We will intensify efforts to tackle key technologies in the fields of resources and the environment, population health, new urbanization, and public security，Build systematic technical solutions，To form a green development mode and lifestyle，To provide technical support for comprehensively improving people's quality of life and promoting sustainable development。

Fourth, establish a technological system to safeguard national security and strategic interests。Focusing on the long-term development needs of the country and mankind, China will strengthen the deployment of strategic high-tech in the fields of deep sea, deep earth, deep space and deep blue, improve the capability of strategic space exploration, development and utilization, and provide technical support for promoting the effective use of common resources of mankind and ensuring national security。

Q: During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, what measures have China taken to enhance the original innovation capacity and strengthen the supply of innovation sources？

A: Original innovation is the most fundamental and important type of innovation, and it is also the short board and weak link of China's scientific and technological innovation。During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, we will focus on enhancing original innovation capacity as a top priority, continue to strengthen forward-looking deployment, strengthen the supply of innovation sources, and provide lasting impetus for long-term economic and social development。

First, we will continue to strengthen basic research。We will further increase support for curiosities driven basic research, guide scientists to combine their academic interests with national goals, and have the courage to overcome scientific problems and scale scientific peaks。We will increase support for non-consensus and transformative innovation research。To address key scientific issues in economic and social development, frontier areas of international scientific research and development, and the scientific basis that may produce transformative technologies in the future, we will invest in and strengthen the deployment of goal-oriented basic research and cutting-edge technology research。In the field of basic research and major global issues, we strive to initiate and organize new national big science plans and big science projects on the basis of sufficient preliminary research, so as to contribute to the development of world science。

The second is to build a scientific and technological innovation base led by national laboratories。Guided by national goals and strategic needs，Priority should be given to strategic areas that are vital to the country's development, strategic high-tech areas that have a transformative role in promoting economic development, and cutting-edge scientific areas that give rise to major innovations and may have a profound impact on future development and national security，The layout and construction of a number of large volumes, interdisciplinary integration, comprehensive integration of national laboratories。We will develop major scientific and technological infrastructure in energy, life, particle and nuclear physics, space and astronomy, and oceans。Focusing on the national strategic needs and the layout of the scientific and technological innovation chain, the existing national scientific research bases and platforms should be reasonably merged and optimized to further clarify their functional positioning and objectives。We will strengthen the development of platforms for open sharing and service of scientific and technological resources, and strengthen support for cutting-edge scientific research, enterprise technological innovation, and mass innovation and entrepreneurship。

Third, we will accelerate the gathering and cultivation of innovative talents。We will promote strategic adjustment of the structure of innovative personnel, emphasize the orientation of "high quality, excellent and lacking", attach importance to the construction of high-level innovative scientific and technological personnel, and promote the coordinated development of scientific research, engineering technology, science and technology management, science and technology entrepreneurs and skilled personnel。Give leading talents in innovation greater rights of human resources and financial control, decision-making power of technical route, and actively create conditions for top talents to stand out。We will reform the evaluation and reward system, improve the mechanism for the flow of talents, and de-administrate scientific research。We will implement a distribution policy oriented towards increasing the value of knowledge, and increase the proportion of researchers sharing the benefits from the transformation of their achievements。It is necessary to implement a more active policy to introduce innovative talents, select talents from all over the world, and provide a broader space for talents of all kinds to play their roles and display their talents。

Q: At present, mass entrepreneurship and innovation are being integrated into all areas of economic development and become a new driving force for development. What are the specific measures to promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation during the 13th Five-Year Plan period？

A: In recent years, China's mass innovation and entrepreneurship have flourished, and the enthusiasm of scientific and technological personnel for innovation and entrepreneurship has significantly increased。More than 498 maker Spaces of all kinds have been registered nationwide, and 603 national science and technology business incubators and accelerators, 14 national independent innovation demonstration zones and 146 national high-tech zones have jointly formed a complete entrepreneurial service chain and a good innovation ecology。During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, we will focus on building an ecological environment for mass entrepreneurship and innovation, strengthen the construction of comprehensive carriers for innovation and entrepreneurship, improve efficient and convenient service systems, and form a good atmosphere conducive to innovation and entrepreneurship。

First, we will build a business incubation system that serves the real economy。Promote the development of the mass maker space in the direction of specialization and differentiation, and form an industrial innovation ecology with leading backbone enterprises as the core, active participation of universities and institutions, and radiation to drive the growth and development of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises。Develop a "star creation world" integrating science and technology demonstration, technology integration, financing incubation, innovation and entrepreneurship, and platform services, and create a professional, socialized and convenient service environment for rural science and technology entrepreneurship。Improve the business incubation service chain, and give full play to the carrier role of university science parks and science and technology business incubators in college students' entrepreneurship。

Second, we will improve the financial system to support scientific and technological innovation and entrepreneurship。We will give full play to the important role of financial innovation in promoting innovation and entrepreneurship, vigorously develop venture capital investment and multi-level capital markets, and support innovative and entrepreneurial enterprises in accessing capital markets for financing。We will improve the mechanism for integrating science and technology with the financial sector, deepen trials to promote the integration of science and technology with the financial sector, establish diversified and differentiated financing models for scientific and technological innovation from experimental research and pilot tests to production, and encourage and guide financial institutions to participate in industry-university-research cooperation and innovation。

Third, we will comprehensively enhance our ability to provide scientific and technological services for innovation and entrepreneurship。Improve the service chain around the innovation chain, and vigorously develop professional and comprehensive science and technology services。We will give priority to developing research and development, technology transfer, inspection and certification, business incubation, intellectual property rights, and scientific and technological consulting, establish a unified and open market system for technology trading, build a public service network for innovation and entrepreneurship, and increase information opening and sharing。

Q: The outline of the national 13th Five-Year Plan highlights the creation of regional innovation highlands. What are the specific measures？

A: Regional innovation is an important cornerstone and strong support for national innovation and development。The 13th Five-Year Plan Period，The focus is on promoting local implementation of innovation-driven development strategies and in-depth implementation of national and regional development strategies，We will give full play to the main role of local governments in regional innovation，Improve the layout of development，Reform the system and mechanism，Integrate superior innovation resources，We will strive to create a number of regional innovation highlands，Lead and drive the overall regional innovation level to jump。

First, we will support Beijing and Shanghai in building scientific and technological innovation centers with global influence。We will support Beijing in leveraging its advantages of high-level universities and research institutions, high-end scientific research achievements, and high-level talents, and in building a national science and technology innovation center that plays a strong leading role。We will support Shanghai in leveraging its advantages in science and technology, capital, market and other resources and in opening up with a high degree of internationalization to build itself into a science and technology innovation center with global influence。Through the construction of the science and technology innovation center, we will optimize the system, mechanism and environment for innovation, gather world-class research institutions, innovation teams and various high-end innovation resources, create a source of original innovation, and become a world leader in innovation in some fields。

Second, we will promote the innovative development of national innovation demonstration zones and high-tech zones。In accordance with the principle of "turning from east to west", we will further optimize the construction layout of national independent innovation demonstration zones and high-tech zones, rely on national high-tech zones, and build a number of national independent innovation demonstration zones in the eastern, central and western regions where conditions are met, so as to give full play to their leading, demonstration and radiating role in innovation and development。The National high-tech zones focus on the two articles of "high" and "new", increase institutional and mechanism reform and policy pilot efforts, promote the optimal allocation of science and technology, talents, policies and other elements, and improve the innovation service and industry cultivation system from technology research and development, technology transfer, enterprise incubation to industrial agglomeration。

Third, build innovative provinces and cities and regional innovation centers with strong driving force。We will accelerate the construction of innovation-oriented provinces and cities, and encourage a number of provinces in the Eastern, Western and northeastern regions to take the lead in entering the ranks of innovation-oriented provinces, and form a number of regional innovation centers, important birthplaces of science and technology, and sources of emerging industries with national and even global influence。We will build a collaborative innovation community for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, promote innovative development in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and accelerate the integration of scientific and technological innovation in the Pearl River Delta。

Fourth, we will systematically carry out trials of comprehensive innovation and reform。Focusing on the overall deployment of the national regional development strategy, we will carry out systematic, holistic, and coordinated trials of comprehensive innovation and reform in some regions, and promote the formation of a number of regional reform and innovation platforms with exemplary and leading roles。On the basis of the summary and evaluation of the reform experiments in eight pilot regions, we will form replicable major reform measures and promote them to the whole country for demonstration。

Q: China has made important breakthroughs in the reform of the science and technology system in recent years, how to continue to deepen the reform during the 13th Five-Year Plan period and further improve the system and mechanism to encourage innovation？

A: The 13th Five-Year Plan period，We will focus on deepening the integration of science and technology with economic and social development，We will comprehensively implement the decisions of the CPC Central Committee and The State Council on deepening reform of the science and technology system，We strengthened the implementation of key reform measures，We will strengthen coordination between reform of the science and technology system and reform in other fields，We will comprehensively enhance our capacity and level of innovation governance。

First, we will improve the government mechanism for managing science and technology innovation。We will clarify the positioning of the government and the market in the field of scientific and technological innovation, encourage the government to streamline administration, delegate power, improve regulation, and provide better services, and create a market and social environment conducive to innovation and entrepreneurship。We will improve the national science and technology advisory and decision-making mechanism, and establish a high-level national science and technology innovation think tank system。We will continue to deepen the reform of the management of central finance funds for science and technology, complete the optimization and integration of plans in accordance with the new five sectors, and establish a new mechanism for planning projects and a new model for organizing major tasks。

Second, we will strengthen the dominant position and leading role of enterprises in innovation。We will thoroughly implement the national technological innovation project, strengthen the development of innovative enterprises, accelerate the cultivation of world-class innovation leaders, and promote the sound development of small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises。We will build a number of national technological innovation centers by relying on enterprises, universities and research institutes。We will reform and improve the mechanism for forming and operating strategic alliances for industrial technological innovation, and deepen close cooperation between enterprises, universities, research institutes, upper, middle and lower reaches, and large, small and medium-sized enterprises in accordance with the principle of voluntariness and market mechanisms。

Third, establish an efficient R&D organizational system。We will make coordinated efforts to develop world-class universities and world-class disciplines, and enhance our ability to make original innovations and serve economic and social development。We will promote the reform of the classification of research institutes, establish and improve a system of modern research institutes, and accelerate the development of high-quality research institutes with distinctive features。We will support greater autonomy of universities and research institutes。We will develop new market-oriented research and development institutions, and form cross-regional and cross-industry research and development and service networks around major regional and industrial technology needs。

Fourth, we will improve the mechanism for transferring and transforming scientific and technological achievements。Fully implement the Law on Promoting the Commercialization of Scientific and Technological Achievements，We will implement actions to transfer and transform scientific and technological achievements，We will accelerate the formulation and implementation of relevant supporting systems and measures，We will strengthen the development of technology transfer mechanisms，We will strengthen reform of the management of rights and interests in scientific and technological achievements，We will strengthen market-oriented services for the commercialization of scientific and technological achievements，We will improve the network for transforming scientific and technological achievements at the provincial, city and county levels。

Fifth, we will improve the mechanism for deep military-civilian integration and innovation。Implement the deployment requirements of the military-civilian integration development strategy, vigorously promote technological innovation in military-civilian integration, promote the sharing of military-civilian scientific and technological resources, and promote the research and development, transfer and transformation of dual-use technologies, and build a new pattern of in-depth integration of all-factor, multi-field and high-efficiency military-civilian scientific and technological innovation。
 

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